1. Definition: Any of a class of compounds that form hydroxyl ions (OH) when dissolved in water, and whose aqueous solutions react with acids to form salts.
2. Numbers: The numbers for bases are 7 and higher.
3. Examples:
Sodium Hydroxide - NaOH
Potassium Hydroxide - KOH
Ammonium Hydroxide - NH4OH
Calcium Hydroxide - Ca(OH)2
Magnesium Hydroxide - Mg(OH)2
Barium Hydroxide - Ba(OH)2
Aluminum Hydroxide - Al(OH)3
Ferrous Hydroxide or Iron (II) Hydroxide - Fe(OH)2
Ferric Hydroxide or Iron (III) Hydroxide - Fe(OH)3
Zinc Hydroxide - Zn(OH)2
Lithium Hydroxide - LiOH
Ammonia - NH3
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate - NaHCO3
Sodium carbonate - Na3CO3
sodium hydride - NaH
4. Charateristics of Bases:
2. Numbers: The numbers for bases are 7 and higher.
3. Examples:
Sodium Hydroxide - NaOH
Potassium Hydroxide - KOH
Ammonium Hydroxide - NH4OH
Calcium Hydroxide - Ca(OH)2
Magnesium Hydroxide - Mg(OH)2
Barium Hydroxide - Ba(OH)2
Aluminum Hydroxide - Al(OH)3
Ferrous Hydroxide or Iron (II) Hydroxide - Fe(OH)2
Ferric Hydroxide or Iron (III) Hydroxide - Fe(OH)3
Zinc Hydroxide - Zn(OH)2
Lithium Hydroxide - LiOH
Ammonia - NH3
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate - NaHCO3
Sodium carbonate - Na3CO3
sodium hydride - NaH
4. Charateristics of Bases:
- Slimy, or soapy feel on fingers.
- Many bases react with acids and precipitate salts.
- Strong bases may react violently with acids.
- Bases turn red litmus paper blue.
- Bases are substances that contain metal oxides or hydroxides.
5.Indicators: Stays the same and it turns blue.